Solid-fuel heating device



Sept. 21, 1943. N. VAN HOOSE SOLID-FUEL HEATING DEVICE Filed March '7,1941 A Home Patented Sept. 21, 1943 Neal VanHoose, fiellevi lla'fii'afagsigijioi line? f half'to'Robert J Har ding,- nast st; Lament;-

' Apmicatmnjuamh '7, writ-sears);time,

"'1' Claim: relate-vii).

, This invention relates to improvements in heating devices, such asstoves, furnaces and the like, used in heating of rooms and similarplaces as the needarises, and'has as its primary objectthe burning ofrelatively high volatile content solid- I' ing a minimum, offtimeandattentiqmwnic f not burn o 11 parts rapidly, wal otta n a i g imumheating value fror'n'the r ISO Vid'e'in'such-a heaterfasrrrokefluehaviiig as i g outlet from are combustion chamber of theheat er,- at-apsi-m substantially irrir fieeliateiy the top of the grate, and theentrairiiniehttofvadr from eutsidethe heater through the fuel in thesame, in a predetermined manner; there being an admission of such airfrom below said grate to maintain the latter as cool as possibleandprevent the same from burning out, an admission of air from above thefuel so as to travel through the latter for a considerable distance tocombine with any of the gases of combustion therein and coke the fuelfor substantially the full height of the bed of fuel, and an admissionof such air to travel substantially horizontally through the fuel from apoint substantially opposite and in the horizontal plane of the flueopening into the heater.

Many other objects and advantages of the construction herein shown anddescribed, will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which thisinvention appertains, as will be more apparent from the disclosuresherein given.

In the drawing, wherein I have illustrated a preferred embodimentof myinvention, and in which similar parts are designated by like referencecharacters throughout the views,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a simpleform of heaterunit; and

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, I

will

have illustrated my irii entionirisubstantially/tits simplest 'for1n;.but it :is to be understood at this point that theprinoiple's",functionsgand purposes herein about :to be. set =-,fi'tli, may :be,applied to more complicated and intricate: h'eatinadevices; arid-miens'tearir, hot-vsfal'rirv and timer .types. .of heating systems; as .wellas the -,r oem theater Toithis end',:the'rez is :shown ashellul elf-there quiredlcapa'city; of radiation spaceand fuel-held ing' size, thisshell being" preferably tapered or redhce'd inzinside' cross-sedtional'opening-toward its lower end; for. apiirpese to ,beliereinafter deseribedgs, r r A grate?! ispositioired transversely across the shellinterrriediate its :top' and: bottom,- andfbeneath'the same theremay'abezre moizably inserted the usual" ash -"re'teptacle fi,thezdoor Apermitting easy handling of said receptacle and aisorha "he to beabuiltup vwith-iii:-naerel ance, as wouldadjustment ferwvarying. the idrait:opening; 7 HQW; everpit istoibe spcificall y-stressedaat point, that:there' ars'rriall permanent; draft opening; 5

below the grate; sotrrat t no timercany'allolfi the ,dr aftbe' shut off-here'. this' wayit is: ,imp9

srbletoipermit highlydarrfgerous, explosive be caused by? a".corhpletesealinschere, under cer- 't tii ilzcdiiditilorl s'h 1 r, rwheifu'eltredelvirig or magazine chambers 5 Bis at the upper side of thegrate, of course, and extends upwardly therefrom towards the top of theshell, where there is arranged the charging door I, also provided withadjustable air-entrainment openings, and there is preferably a permanentdraft opening 8 at this point, and for the same purpose and reasons asfor the opening 5. The body of fuel 9 does not come clear to the top ofthe heater, and so there remains the space lil above the top of the bodyof fuel.

The flue H has but a single opening l2 into the shell wall, preferablysubstantially immediately above the upper surface of the grate thereat,so that a maximum depth or height of coking may be permitted in the bodyof fuel above said grate. The portion of the flue that com- 'muni'cateswith the interior of the combustion permits of easy removal of the sameshould there a be any lodgment thereat. Such a construction of the flueat this point, will increase the ef- 2 fective life of the same,inasmuch as there will be a minimum of burning of fuel within the flue.

There is arranged, in addition to the two sources of draftabove-mentioned, and if so desired, a third source of draft, namelythroughin the flue wall adjacent the point where the same enters theshell, in order to be sure to provide oxygen to any combustible gasesyet unburned passing through this region.

Enough air may be admitted from above the fuel to carry the volatile,carbonaceous gases downwardly through the fuel bed towards the grate,upon which part there burns the layer of already incandescent fuel, andwhereby the, resultant waste gases may be withdrawn through the flue.However, the main source of draft is furnished from below the grate, theoutside air arising through the latter to keep the under side of thegrate relatively cool, thence passing on through the burning fuel andout the flue. The incandescent level is therefore far below. the top ofthe fuel in the combustion chamber; it is at substantially the height ofthe flue opening l2. l

The air admitted through the intermediate door at the front of theheater tends to'spread or widen the incandescent area horizontally fromadjacent the center and rear of the heater, bringing this incandescentlayer towards the front of the'latter, There need not beany permanentvent adjacent said intermediate door, as the previously mentionedpositioning of permanent openings, and most especially the one below thegrate, will take care of preventing any explosions resulting from toogreat an accumulation of gases within the heater. The check draft l5 maybe placed on the flue sufiiciently close to the leadein to the heatershell, and wherein it may serve as a clean-out to insure completedislodgment of any sediment in the flue at this region.

As previously mentioned, the heater shell is preferably reduced ininternal diameter toward the grate, somewhat as shown, so that as thefuel becomes coked above the flue outlet, the coal will automaticallylower itself to continue to substantially fill the width of thecombustion chamber, to insure that the air and other gases passingdownwardly will travel through the entire mass of fuel above the grate,and not travel merely around the rim.

Thus, there will be a most efficient admixture of the gases reaching theincandescent areas, to completely burn the same with minimum loss of itsheat units, and permitting the burning of substantially the lowestgrades of bituminous fuel, even in those localities having stringentsmoke laws.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that variousimmaterial changes may be made in the same without departing from thespirit of my invention; hence I do not wish to be understood as limitingmyself to the exact form, arrangement, construction, and combination ofparts herein shown and described, except as limited by the state of theart to which theinvention appertains, and the claim hereunto appended. V

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In a heater using solid fuel for heating a room, a single shell having'a grate substantially entirely thereacross to receive a body of fuel, aflue leading from said shell wall from immediately above said grate andextending directly into the room to be heated, an ash chamber below saidgrate, a bottom opening in said shell in substantially horizontalalignment with said flue for admitting air from exteriorly of said shellto pass upwardly through said grate, atop opening in said shell foradmitting outside air to pass downwardly through said body of fuel, andan intermediate opening for admitting air from without saidshell'substantially in horizontal alignment withthe flue outlet to passhorizontallythrough said body of fuel.

'. NEAL VAN HOOSE.

